All practice tests

Government and the Law: Citizenship Test Practice Questions

Government and the Law is one of the four sections of Australian Citizenship: Our Common Bond, the official resource every real test question comes from. It covers: How Australia is governed: the Constitution, federal, state and local government, the Senate and House of Representatives, voting, elections, courts and how laws are made.

Of the 280 questions in our practice bank, 120 are Government and the Law questions. On a typical 20-question test you can expect roughly 9 from this section. Below are 9 sample questions with answers and explanations to show you exactly what to prepare for.

Sample Government and the Law Questions and Answers

Try each question before expanding the answer. Every question below also appears in one of our free practice tests.

1. What is the primary purpose of compulsory voting in Australia?

AThe government can raise additional funds through fines
BTo make the election day more enjoyable
CTo ensure broad participation in choosing the government
DPoliticians can track individual votes
Show answer and explanation
CTo ensure broad participation in choosing the government (Correct answer)

Explanation

Mandatory voting systems aim to guarantee that the populace actively participates in selecting their parliamentary representatives and government.

2. What is the penalty for failing to vote without a valid reason?

AImprisonment, unless a valid excuse is provided
BA monetary fine, unless a valid excuse is provided
CSuspension of voting rights for one year
DCompulsory attendance at a civics course
Show answer and explanation
BA monetary fine, unless a valid excuse is provided (Correct answer)

Explanation

If you abstain from voting in an election without a legitimate justification, you are required to pay a financial penalty.

3. What is the sole mechanism for altering the Australian Constitution?

AA national vote called a referendum
BThe outcome of federal elections
CAn executive order from the Prime Minister
DA decision by the High Court of Australia
Show answer and explanation
AA national vote called a referendum (Correct answer)

Explanation

Changes to the Australian Constitution can only be enacted through a specific type of national vote known as a referendum.

4. What conclusive action is necessary for a proposed law (a Bill) to be officially enacted?

AApproval by a majority vote solely in the House of Representatives
BGranting of Royal Assent by the Governor-General
CEndorsement solely by the Prime Minister
DPublication in the official government notices
Show answer and explanation
BGranting of Royal Assent by the Governor-General (Correct answer)

Explanation

The legislative process involves: proposal (Bill introduction), debate and voting in both Houses, approval by the majority in each House, and finally, the Governor-General's signature (Royal Assent).

5. How many Senators are elected to represent each Australian state?

ASix
BTwelve
CEighteen
DTwo
Show answer and explanation
BTwelve (Correct answer)

Explanation

Each Australian state elects exactly twelve individuals to serve as its representatives in the Senate.

6. Identify another common designation for the House of Representatives.

AThe Lower House
BThe House of Commons
CThe Upper House
DThe States' House
Show answer and explanation
AThe Lower House (Correct answer)

Explanation

Alternative names sometimes used for the House of Representatives include the Lower House or the People’s House.

7. Local governments typically manage all the following services EXCEPT:

AMaintenance of local parks and recreational areas
BOperation of public libraries
CProvision of state and federal police services
DLocal rubbish collection and recycling
Show answer and explanation
CProvision of state and federal police services (Correct answer)

Explanation

Policing services fall under the jurisdiction of state, territory, and federal governments, not local councils.

8. How many federal electorates is Australia divided into for the House of Representatives?

A76
BOver 150
CEqual to the number of local councils
DSix, one for each state
Show answer and explanation
BOver 150 (Correct answer)

Explanation

Australia is divided into over 150 federal electorates, with each electorate electing one member to the House of Representatives.

9. If you are arrested in Australia, what is a key legal right you possess?

AThe right to refuse to go to court
BThe right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty
CThe right to negotiate the charges with the police
DThe right to a trial by the Prime Minister
Show answer and explanation
BThe right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty (Correct answer)

Explanation

A fundamental principle of the Australian justice system is the presumption of innocence: an individual is considered innocent unless proven guilty in a court of law.

Practise Government and the Law Until It Sticks

The app has 14 dedicated category tests, so you can practise Government and the Law questions on their own. All 16 mock exams, every question in 13 languages, and weak-spot tracking, all in the app.

Study This Section First

Prefer to read before you practise? Our Government and the Law study guide breaks down everything this section of Our Common Bond actually tests.

Read the Government and the Law study guide

Take a Full Practice Test

Every full test includes Government and the Law questions alongside the other three categories, in the same mix as the real exam.

See all 14 practice tests